Not totally all product that has been taped had been coded. As our focus had been on scripted development, we excluded day-to-day news broadcasts, game shows, sports programs and activities, and paid programming, in addition to all kinds of commercials along with other promotions ( ag e.g., teasers for community programs). Although music videos had been taped, these people were coded and analyzed individually because of the unique faculties and tend to be perhaps maybe not reported right right right here. The analyses delivered in this paper, but, do are the video that is nonmusic from cable music activity channels including talk programs, variety/comedy shows, and truth shows. In addition, reveals that had been incomplete since they started before 3:00 p.m. or ended after 11:00 p.m. weren’t coded. Finally, episode repeats had been eradicated through the test.

The final test for the 2001 2002 period contains 1,276 unique system episodes, whereas the last sample for the 2002 2003 period included 1,439 unique system episodes. The test for the second content analysis ended up being notably bigger than the very first 12 months’s test even as we produced concerted work in 12 months 2 to make sure that we had three episodes of each and every nonsyndicated show. Despite strict adherence towards the sampling plan, extra taping had been needed whenever, for instance, brand new programs entered the autumn lineup following the start of year to substitute for cancelled programs or once the time and time slot for a set ended up being changed.

Measures

The codebook when it comes to bigger research had been based significantly in the factors produced by Kunkel and colleagues (1999, 2001, 2003) within their content analyses conducted for the Kaiser Family Foundation. We created extra products, including those on exact exact same intercourse behavior that is intimate sexual talk regarding nonheterosexuals. Contrary to Kunkel and peers, whom used the scene whilst the main device of analysis, our content analyses involved coding for intimate content in 2 moment periods of system time. Because scenes differ dramatically in total and, hence, usually do not offer a consistent device of measure in making comparisons across programs, we used a regular coding device according to time. Coding news development in designated time periods has been utilized often by other scientists conducting analyses that are content different system genres including movies, detergent operas, and music videos (Hazan, Lipton, & Glantz, 1994; Lowery, 1980; Roberts, Christenson, Henriksen, & Bandy, 2002; Roberts, www.chaturbatewebcams.com/ebony/ Henriksen, & Christenson, 1999; Sommers Flanagan, Sommers Flanagan, & Davis, 1993; Stockwell & Glantz, 1997; Terre, Drabman, & Speer, 1991).

For purposes with this content analysis, intercourse ended up being understood to be any depiction of sex, intimately suggestive behavior, or any speak about sex or activity that is sexual. To be conservative and prevent overcoding sexual content, communications about intercourse were differentiated from nonsexual communications pertaining to relationship and relationships, which were perhaps perhaps not coded. As an example, a declaration such as “I adore my boyfriend” wouldn’t be coded whereas a declaration such as “I made like to my boyfriend” is coded.

Exact Same intercourse behavior that is sexual

Every 2 moment period that were coded as containing a minumum of one variety of sexual intercourse monitored in the primary coding task flirting, kissing, intimate touching, intercourse suggested, sexual activity depicted, along with other intimate behavior 2 has also been evaluated for the existence of exact exact same intercourse behavior that is sexual. Because of this product, programmers utilized a yes/no response format to point whether some of the sexual behavior depicted when you look at the period took place between two different people associated with exact same intercourse.

Speak about nonheterosexual intimate dilemmas

Each 2 minute period that was indeed coded as containing a minumum of one example of talk through the intimate talk groups utilized in the key coding task ( e.g., commentary about own/others’ intimate actions or passions, speak about intercourse which includes currently occurred, mention sex crimes) has also been coded for whether any of the sexual talk linked to nonheterosexuals. With this product, programmers once once again utilized a yes/no response format to point whether some of the intimate talk reflected the intimate passions or issues of nonheterosexual people. Most frequently, such feedback associated with gays and lesbians, although sometimes these were connected with bisexuals.